Archive for the ‘investing’ Category

CDs vs. GLD vs. gold

Thursday, September 17th, 2009

So, you’re thinking of abandoning green for gold, eh? As usual,
there are trade-offs. As they say in computing, “Faster, better, cheaper. Pick any two”.

Interest rate
CD very low single digits.
GLD None, unless you write call options. If you write options you can earn double-digit interest.
gold NONE, unless you were to sell “naked” call options. That is an advanced investing technique, and
might require you to sell your gold or otherwise raise cash to cover the trade if it didn’t go your way.
Capital gains
CD Not possible
GLD Possibly, but you forfeit some of them if you write call options against your position.
gold Possibly, but you must sell to a physical dealer and pay commissions.
Capital loss
CD NONE (protected up to FDIC insurance limit)
GLD Possibly.
gold Possibly.
Exchange rate insurance
CD NONE

GLD put options and stop-loss orders. Stop-loss orders have zero cost, if you have accumulated profit; but may fail if the market moves suddenly down. Puts will not fail in sudden moves, but you pay a premium.

gold You may buy GLD puts to insure your physical gold against exchange-rate fluctuations. Even
fairly inexperienced investors may buy puts; but since your gold is not in the account you won’t be able to write
calls to offset the cost, unless you write “naked” calls which is risky.
Institutional failure insurance.
CD FDIC, currently up to $250,000
GLD SIPC insures against a failure of your broker up to $500,000. OCC insures against counterparty risk on options. Put options insure against a failure of the fund itself, ie, the puts and OCC insure against both fund failure and exchange-rate fluctuations.
gold There is no institution involved once you buy, hence no need.
Theft insurance
CD FDIC, currently up to $250,000.
GLD Bullion vaults are heavily guarded, and even if they could get the bullion it’d be a challenge to fence. Nevertheless you can’t discount this possibility; but puts protect you against this also.
gold You must purchase theft insurance privately, or you are exposed to a potential 100 percent loss.
Nominal carrying cost
CDs Bank or credit union fees, usually you can find an institution with none.
GLD 0.4% fund expense ratio
gold NONE
Comissions
CD NONE
GLD Less than $10/order for the order sizes placed by most investors. $7-10/order + 0.75-$1.50/contract for options depending on your broker. Each contract controlls 100 shares.
gold As of this writing, you can expect to pay 4% or more commission from a coin dealer. Purchasing larger ammounts such as kilo bars may reduce this, but they are more difficult to sell. (Concerns about the liquidity of kilo bars fall into the category of “good problems to have”)

Investing Rule No. 2: Don’t Complain About Bad Deals. Instead…

Saturday, August 1st, 2009

This rule is actually a bit more complicated than some of the others.

First, I need to define what I mean by “bad deals”. I’ll start with myself. You need to know that I’m quite conservative. I save money. I have money markets, CDs, savings accounts. Interest rates are low right now. It’s a BAD DEAL.

Other people invest differently. Some people buy gold. Some people who buy gold think that gold is being manipulated to the downside. There is an entire internet culture of conspiracy theorists who spin tales around gold. If the price of gold is being “suppressed” as they say then for them it’s their own personal BAD DEAL.

Then there’s gambling. All investing, whether we like it or not, has an element of gambling about it. Some people complain about the odds. The house always wins. Just once, they’d like to pull the lever and walk away a winner. They don’t. They just complain because it’s a BAD DEAL.

Complaining about bad deals is actually a complex, maladaptive sort of pattern. It goes like this: 1. You have a preconceived view of how the world ought to work. 2. The world doesn’t work the way you think it should. 3. You complain about that. 4. You feed your own frustration and anger. 5. You try to get others frustrated and angry. 6. You get more and more angry if they don’t agree with you. 7. In extreme cases, this can lead to criminal behavior.

There are a number of alternatives along this path, places where you can branch off before you become criminally insane. That’s the “Instead…” part of this rule. I wasn’t going to put that in the title; but I thought it was too important to leave out. You can’t just tell people not to do something. You need to offer an alternative. Now, this is not the only alternative; but when it comes to investing I believe it’s the most imporant. What is it?

FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE DEAL!!!

Oh, man. How many people never make that leap of logic? Let’s go back to the three examples.

First, my own personal case. Lots of money in a savings account earning diddly-squat interest. I could join the chorus of Federal Reserve bashers, or I could take on some risk in the stock market. I had “cash on the sidelines” in my trading account, and that’s what got me back to break even (in fact, as of this writing I’m in the black a little). At this point, I feel like I have enough in the market. Yes, I’d like to see my cash investments earning more; but I’m not complaining. The returns I’m giving up are paying for the peace of mind that comes from knowing the investments are insured and will not decrease. There is no point in complaining about the low interest rates. I can’t change them. Even if I joined some kind of political movement that had “Make the Fed raise rates” as its objective, it would probably never change anything. Not only would I be out the lost interest, I’d be out my time and whatever money I gave to the organization. Not worth it. No point getting angry. It’s a bad deal, but I DON’T COMPLAIN ABOUT BAD DEALS. I either get on the other side, or if I can’t get on the other side, or have already put enough money on the other side, then I stop thinking about it. At least, I stop thinking about it until it’s time to rebalance the portfolio. The point is not to take bad deals lying down. It’s to do the best you can with a bad deal, and then move on with life.

OK, next the goldbugs. Many of these guys are classic complainers. They actually do have a political movement, led by Ron Paul and a host of newsletter guys. Let’s throw in Peter Schiff, Alex Jones, and that wierd New Age guy who made that movie Zeitgeist. These guys want to abolish the Fed and replace it with a gold standard. As you might be able to tell from the tone of my writing, I think this would be the bonehead move of the century. In fact, I do my own share of complaining about what idiots these guys are, and I admit that I have my own little unhealthy problem with this. I know that I can’t change their opinions. However, the mere fact that people were out there saying so much about gold got me thinking. What did I do? I traded in and out of gold on the way up. I never had a huge chunk of my portfolio in gold. I’m not, and never will be a “True Believer” in precious metal investments for the long term. You see what I did though? There was all this interest in the metal, a bunch of people who are advocating something that I believe would be a disaster for the economy. Yes, I complained; but then I said, “maybe they have a point, but even if they don’t a lot of people are following them and that will cause their investments to rise”. I GOT ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE DEAL. I consider it only a partial victory though, because I still complain about these people sometimes.

Finally, there’s gambling. A lot of people gamble. Everybody knows the odds favor the house. That’s the first thought. A natural second thought is, “which games are least stacked against me?”. Plenty of gamblers make this leap. The next leap, the one that many fail to make (by now you should be able to guess) is, HOW CAN I BECOME THE HOUSE? Yes. Call me what you will, but the dumb money goes to Vegas. The smart money is running stock screens to see which gaming companies are the best buy. Smarter yet, you can ask yourself what the worst possible game is, and how to get on the other side of it. The lottery is commonly cited as the game with the worst odds. It’s run by the government, so you’d think you couldn’t get on the other side. Au contraire! Now you have to make even more leaps. Learn about the lottery. Where does the money go? Did you know that the convenience stores get a cut of the winnings in many states? Some lotteries earmark funds for specific purposes, such as education. When lotteries were first passed in many states, a lot of people probably wanted to know what the odds were on the tickets. There were probably fewer people asking where the money would go, and how it would transfer from public into private hands. Government money tends to find its way into private hands. Performing such an analysis may or may not have led you to any investing opportunities. The market may have performed this analysis before you did, and priced lottery revenues into the share prices of convenience store operators or educational providers. Performing the analysis would still have been useful. It’s a good exercise.

These are just a few examples. I’ve also applied this way of thinking to options recently. You say that put is too expensive? I say it’s not expensive enough! You see a bad deal? Don’t complain about bad deals. Instead… get on the other side.

Just one final note, which really ought to go without saying. There are some bad deals you don’t want to get on the other side of. If International Baby Mulcher takes your offspring, owning stock in it will probably not assuage your grief. In other words, you don’t want to invest in something that goes so radicly against your beliefs that you start to feel guilty. Your beliefs may change, but they shouldn’t change for the sake of earning money.

Investing Rule No. 1: Good Investments don’t Advertise

Wednesday, July 22nd, 2009

First, a little background. I’m the first to admit that I don’t know everything there is to know about investing. I’ve been following the stock market off and on since I was in my teens. I’ve been investing with various degrees of activity since my late 20s. I’ve had modest success. So far, I’ve come through 2008-2009 roughly breaking even. That’s out-performing the market but you invest to make money, not break even, so I consider this a pyrrhic victory. Nevertheless I feel like I’ve learned a lot over the years, to the point where I think some of it’s worth sharing.

In the back of my mind, I have a number of rules about investing. Every once in a while something happens that reminds me of those rules. Today, it was somebody following me on Twitter. I don’t get that many followers, so I have time to check profiles when I get a new one. I went to this guy’s profile, and pretty much every tweet, and his web site, were promoting some kind of seminar or something. In short, he was advertising a money-making opportunity.

I was immediately reminded of this rule: Good Investments don’t Advertise.

This is the simple way of stating the rule. Of course, there are some subtleties that need to be explained. First, it’s perfectly OK, and fully expected that good investments will advertise products that constitute their core business. Nothing is wrong with that. It’s even OK for an investment company to advertise their investment expertise. There’s nothing wrong with Charles Schwab, for example, advertising their investment services. The mere fact that they advertise is not a strike against them (but of course, you should still evaluate them based on their track record).

So. If it’s OK for a company to advertise investment services, then what do I mean about good investments not advertising?

What I’m referring to is companies that advertise themselves as investments, or that advertise financial products as opposed to financial services. You see these things in newspapers all the time: High yield investments, make money from home, etc. If you read the fine print on the high yield investments you will see that they are never FDIC insured deposits. The legitimate ones are high yield bonds, which carry a risk. The illegitimate ones are outright Ponzi schemes.

OK, so if it’s a high yield bond, aka “junk bond”, advertised in the paper, what’s wrong with that? Everything.

Think about it. These bonds can make you a lot of money under the right circumstances. What are the right circumstances? Well, for starters, diversification. If you have a large portfolio of junk bonds, a few will default but you are investing based on the odds that most won’t. The defaults will reduce your returns, but you figure that statisticly, even with a few defaults, you’ll still get an attractive yield. This is how credit cards work too, and it can be a very profitable business, if, and this is a big if, you have a large portfolio. Credit card companies have millions of customers. Junk bond funds will invest in issues from hundreds of companies. That ad in the paper is asking you to invest in one company, that’s bad enough but what’s worse is they’re advertising. Why is that so bad?

Well, with all the junk bond issues out there, you must figure that most of them aren’t advertised in your local paper. Do you think that a bond that has to advertise in your local paper is better or worse than one that doesn’t? How do fund managers usually find out about junk bond issues? Do you think they pick up the Podunk Gazette and pull the trigger there? Something tells me they don’t. The ad could be saying anything, but what it tells me is “We couldn’t sell these through the usual channels, so we’re trying to sell them here”.

OK, maybe some furtune 500 companies might advertise bond issues in the Wall St. Journal. They will be accompanied by a little fine print and pointers on how to find out more about the terms of the bonds. The same thing happens with IPOs, or at least it did the last time I picked up a printed copy of the WSJ. This is perfectly legitimate, so the rule isn’t etched in stone. It’s a bit more nuanced than a one-liner; but I think you get the drift here. At least, I hope you do.

Sometimes investments that advertise are people starting small businesses. We’ve all heard the story of how Sam Walton went to friends and neighbors to raise money for Wal Mart, and how all those folks became zillionaires. OK, fair enough. Nevermind the fact that there are a lot of small towns and only one Wal Mart. If your friend or neighbor comes around with such an opportunity, don’t dismiss it out of hand. Consider their talents. You probably know them. You may have been thinking, “this guy should go into business”. You might not end up a zillionaire, but you might end up owning a piece of a good solid business. There’s nothing wrong with that. Just make sure you understand the risk.

Now let’s consider a guy who is advertising such an opportunity on Craigslist or worse yet, spamming you from out of nowhere. This guy must have had friends. He must have had family. He has a local bank. Did he go to them first and get turned down? Did he decide to go to perfect strangers on the ‘net first, before going through normal channels? Either way, it raises red flags. If he got turned down by the first parties, it says something about his character or ability. If he went to strangers first, that says something about his judgement. Yeah, sure, it’s possible that the guy on Craigslist who need $100k and wants to partner with you to buy real estate is not going to cause you a lot of heartache; but why take chances? If you really know your beans, if you’ve done real estate deals before, if you not only know what a “hard money lender” is but have actually done several hard money deals, then answering the ad might make sense. Otherwise, forget about it.

It’s Not a Problem, It’s a Solution

Monday, January 5th, 2009

Apparently skateboarders are draining pools at foreclosed properties. When I saw this article, I immediately drew a connection to the infamous “green pools” that are a breeding ground for West Nile virus in the Summer. I say, let the skaters have at it. As long as they agree to waive liability, they are providing a valuable public service draining the pools, and having a ball at the same time. You’ve got to love it when a problem like this solves itself. Of course, the mainstream will never agree with that approach, so these kids have to look over their shoulders all the time.

Where Neither Moth Nor Rust Doth Corrupt

Tuesday, October 7th, 2008

Who isn’t affected by the financial crisis? The man who has no posessions. Somewhere, there are people living apart from Wall Street, with no money in the bank. Somewhere in a jungle, or on an island, natives gather coconuts and fish. Life goes on.

Of course, I’m not a native. I’m a participant in this thing they call “the economy”. It’s hard not to get down about it. Some people try to do something about it. You’ve got people literally running out and buying gold and “squirrleing it away” in their safes or under the mattresses and shit like that. Of course, somebody could break into their house and steal it. Some people answer that with “I’ll buy guns and ammo”. You know, the easiest way to get shot is to carry a gun. Then, not only will they take your gold, they’ll take your life too.

So, with the economy on the skids, and me not wanting to sell out at a bottom, what am I buying? What can I buy that can’t be stolen. What can I buy that won’t make me a target?

When I hit publish on this piece, maybe I’ll climb into the car and head to the coast again like I do sometimes. One time last week I did that, and it was sunny. There I was gliding up the Highway, with the hills on my right and that Pacific on my left. The Sun shining off that water and it was real gold that nobody owns or controls. And I was reminded of that other bit of scripture, about the beautiful river that flows from the throne of God. Except it wasn’t a river, it was a whole ocean. God’s gift to man. There for the taking; but without posession, trade, or conflict.

And they can take all my stocks, bonds, cash and physical posessions and they can even kill me–but the sea breeze and the golden sunlight shine in my mind forever. Where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt.

More on the D-word, and a tale from Antioch

Monday, September 29th, 2008

Now, here is what a real depression looks like:

Now, I try to imagine this having happened at the WaMu in dowtown Redwood City, and it looks nothing like this. First, the WaMu is surrounded by Redwoods and palm trees. The sun is shining all the friggin time. Aside from that, we have the FDIC. That doesn’t stop people from withdrawing funds. Waiting for a check from FDIC is not comforting, even though the check has never failed. There’s a first time for everything.

Another reason we don’t see scenes like this has to do with technology. In cyberspace, Bailey has no place to give speeches while people make electronic transfers out of their accounts. That’s exactly what I did last Friday.

I do most of my banking with Navy Federal Credit Union. I used to say, “If Navy Federal fails, we’ve got bigger problems”. Well, we’ve already got big problems. So. Friday, I distributed some of my life savings out of NFCU. No point having all my eggs in one basket. I took some of those eggs and put them in a local bank, of all places. It turns out that local banks are actually doing OK, since they make local loans and they didn’t all succumb to the frenzy of the subprime nonsense.

While we were waiting for the account to process, the clerk told me an interesting story that happened in Antioch, CA–a far flung East Bay subburb about half way to Stockton. It seems that in a certain cul-de-sac, almost all the neighbors got in over their head with bad loans. A certain person on this cul-de-sac, with the cash to do it, offered to re-fi or purchase and rent back the homes to these people. They all got to stay in their homes. The cul-de-sac is presumeably green, neatly trimmed, and well taken care of; unlike other areas which are peppered with the distinctive brown lawns and sherrif’s notices of foreclosure. The bailout artist is already pulling in a nice rental income, and will probably come out way ahead in the long run.

It just goes to show, crisis breeds opportunity.

California is a Surreal Place for a Depression

Monday, September 29th, 2008

The thought occured to me just now, that California is a surreal place for a Depression. OK, OK, we’re not in a depression; but the mainstream media keeps tossing around the D-word, and will continue to do so until Obama gets elected or until it’s become too ludicrous. At any rate, since I’m out of work… well, you know what they say: A recession is when your neighbor loses his job. A depression is when you lose yours..

So, after looking over some pix from last week, picking the beaties and posting them to flickr, it got me thinking. If you’re going to be depressed in a Depression, California is a funny place to be. If you’re going to be depressed, you want gritty New York streets, the buildings so high you can’t see the sun. There should be steam coming out of grates. The sky should be so grey that it looks like a black and white movie in real life. California? Not many tall buildings here unless you go to SF’s financial district. Sunshine all the time from April to November here. Oh sure, you can go to the coast for fog, but then you’re at the beach. You can’t get depressed there. It’s full of people having fun, exercising, walking their dogs, surfing, or just being different and quirky in some sophisticated way that you can’t quite put your finger on.

California is so un-depression, that it was even the destination for Oakies seeking work in Grapes of Wrath, set in the real Depression. Nevermind that the book didn’t have such a happy ending. The message was clear: California, land of not-depressing.

Nevertheless, people do get down here, if only because they might have to leave. To live here is to understand why the Spanish took it from the Natives, why the Anglos took it from the Spanish, and why the Spanish want to take it back. Oh sure, there might be some serious unrest over that… maybe if this was Quebec, we’d have the problems they had. This is California. There is a lot of arguing about illegal immigrants on both sides, but it hasn’t boiled into a conflict. It just boils the melting pot. No time for fighting. Surf’s up. Maybe we’ll fight manyana.

No time for depression. Surf’s up. Wall street wakes up at 6:30. The fog hasn’t even burned off yet. Roll over and sleep in a bit more. Redwoods against blue skies now. The market is half done. I check it and it’s really not that bad. No job leads. Time to take a hike through the upscale suburbs and into the golden hills. Staying fit is important if you want to keep the blues at bay. Staying fit is important to everyone here. I know that reality may dictate that I don’t get to stay here forever. Or, I might have to move to a more affordable but less desireable part of the area. For now, I’m on the San Francisco peninsula and trying to figure out how to stay here. Depression? I wish I could be depressed in California forever.

Thanks Fed

Friday, September 26th, 2008

A few hours ago I heard the Fed seized WaMu and forced them to sell out to JP Morgan. Finally! We don’t have to watch any more of those stupid WaMu ads on TV. I wish I had a dime for every time that Asian chick rode that pink streamliner across the salt flats. It seems like every financial disaster is characterised by one or more companies that advertise way too much. Enron had it’s infamous “Why” ad campaign. For me, the WaMu campaign is etched in my brain, and will symbolize the crisis on some level. And worse yet, they continued to pump money into these ads, even while customers were lining up to withdraw funds. Insanity.

Of course, the pulling of ads like that will have an impact on the ad industry… more rippling effects on the economy. At least we don’t have to watch those ads anymore.